富兰克林·西蒙斯

Franklin Bachelder Simmons (January 11, 1839 – December 8, 1913) was a prominent American sculptor of the nineteenth century. Three of his statues are in the National Statuary Hall Collection, three of his busts are in the United States Senate Vice Presidential Bust Collection, and his statue of Ulysses S. Grant is in the United States Capitol Rotunda.

Biography

Simmons was born in Webster, Maine, now known as Sabattus, Maine. He spent most of his childhood in Bath, Maine and Lewiston, Maine. He attended Bates College (then called the Maine State Seminary) in 1858. Simmons started sculpting and painting during childhood. He studied with John Adams Jackson.

During the last two years of the American Civil War, he moved to Washington, D.C., and modeled 24 portrait medallions of President Abraham Lincoln, his Cabinet, and generals and admirals. The Union League of Philadelphia purchased most of the medallions. In 1867 Simmons received an honorary A.M. from Bates College and from Colby.

Simmons went to live in Rome in 1868, but returned several times. Among his portrait busts are those of David D. Porter, James G. Blaine, Francis Wayland, and Ulysses S. Grant (1886). He is said to have made a female statue of The Wanderer, meant to depict a Jewess wandering in the desert. He died in Rome, aged 74, and is buried in the Protestant Cemetery.

Selected works

Bust of Oren Cheney (1861?), Bates College, Lewiston, Maine. Simmons sculpted this while a student at Bates College.

Soldiers' Monument (1866–68), Kennedy Park, Lewiston, Maine.

Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument (1867–69), Bellingham Square, Chelsea, Massachusetts.

Penelope (marble, 1896), De Young Museum, San Francisco, California. Copies are at the Berkshire Museum in Pittsfield, Massachusetts; Lake Delaware Farm in Delhi, New York; the Detroit Institute of Arts; and the Portland Museum of Art in Portland, Maine.

Jochebed with the Infant Moses (marble, 1873), Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts.

The Promised Land (marble, 1874), Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City.

Roger Williams Monument (bronze, 1874–77), Roger Williams Park, Providence, Rhode Island. A bronze copy of his marble statue at the U.S. Capitol.

Edward T. Little (bronze, 1875–77), Edward Little High School, Auburn, Maine.

Bust of William B. Wood (marble, 1860), Lewiston Public Library, Lewiston, Maine

Bust of Lyman Nichols (marble, 1860), Lewiston Public Library, Lewiston, Maine

Bust of Admiral David Dixon Porter (marble, 1876), United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland.

Miriam (year?)

Medusa (1882)

Galatea (1884)

Senator Oliver P. Morton (bronze, 1884), Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, Indianapolis, Indiana.

The Seraph Abdiel (from "Paradise Lost") (1886).

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (bronze, 1887), Longfellow Square, Portland, Maine.

Soldiers' and Sailor's Monument (1888–91), Monument Square, Portland, Maine; Richard Morris Hunt, architect.

Bust of Robert Treat Paine (marble, 1892), Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Massachusetts.

Equestrian Statue of Major General John A. Logan, cast in Rome by Alessandro Nelli (bronze, 1892–1901), Logan Circle, Washington, D.C., Richard Morris Hunt, architect.

Alexander Hamilton (bronze, 1905–06), Great Falls of the Passaic Overlook Park, Paterson, New Jersey.

Valley Forge (Seated Washington) (bronze, 1910), Washington Memorial Chapel, Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.

Union League of Philadelphia

14 bronze portrait medallions of Civil War generals and politicians (1865).

President Abraham Lincoln

Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase

Secretary of State William H. Seward

Major General Nathaniel P. Banks

Major General Ambrose Burnside

Major General Benjamin F. Butler

Major General Darius N. Couch

Major General Abner Doubleday

General of the Army Ulysses S. Grant

Major General Winfield S. Hancock

Major General Joseph Hooker

Major General Philip Kearny

Major General George Gordon Meade

Major General John Grubb Parke

United States Capitol

Peace Monument (formerly Naval Monument) (marble, 1877), United States Capitol Grounds, Washington, D.C., Edward Clark, architect. The figures atop the monument are titled "Grief and History."

Roger Williams (marble, 1872), National Statuary Hall Collection (representing Rhode Island).

Governor William King (marble, 1878), National Statuary Hall Collection (representing Maine).

Bust of Vice President Hannibal Hamlin (marble, 1889), United States Senate Vice Presidential Bust Collection.

Bust of Vice President Adlai E. Stevenson (marble, 1894), United States Senate Vice Presidential Bust Collection.

Ulysses S. Grant (marble, 1899), United States Capitol Rotunda. Simmons's original 1894 statue was rejected for the U.S. Capitol. It is now in the Portland Museum of Art.

Bust of Vice President Charles W. Fairbanks (marble, 1905), United States Senate Vice Presidential Bust Collection.

Francis Harrison Pierpont (marble, 1910), National Statuary Hall Collection (representing West Virginia).

摘自英文维基百科「Franklin Simmons」（暂时没有中文条目，下面是英文原文），按 CC BY-SA 4.0 使用，去掉了参考文献、外部链接等尾部小节和表格，其余文字未作改动。