艺廊作品介绍
自由纪念碑（匈牙利语：Szabadság-szobor）是位于匈牙利首都布达佩斯盖勒特山上的一座纪念碑，纪念为匈牙利独立、自由和繁荣献出生命的人们。这座纪念碑修建于1947年，最初是纪念在二战中解放匈牙利的苏联红军。纪念碑的雕像部分高14米，底座部分高26米。匈牙利共产主义政权垮台之后，纪念碑上的纪念文有改动。
摘自维基百科「自由纪念碑 (布达佩斯)」，按 CC BY-SA 4.0 使用，繁体已转简体，去掉了参考文献、外部链接等尾部小节和表格，其余文字未作改动。
中文条目比较短，展开看英文维基百科的条目（英文原文）
The Liberty Statue, also called Freedom Statue (Hungarian: Szabadság-szobor [ˈsɒbɒtt͡ʃaːɡ ˈsobor]), is a monument at the east end of the Citadella on Gellért Hill in Budapest, Hungary. It commemorates those who sacrificed their lives for the independence, freedom, and prosperity of Hungary.
History
It was first erected in 1947 in remembrance of Soviet troops ending the Hungary's occupation by Nazi Germany during World War II. Its location upon Gellért Hill makes it a prominent feature of Budapest's cityscape.
The 14 m tall bronze statue stands atop a 26 m pedestal and holds a palm leaf. Two smaller statues are also present around the base, but the original monument consisted of two more originally that have since been removed from the site and relocated to Memento Park. The monument was designed by Zsigmond Kisfaludi Strobl. According to Kisfaludi Strobl, the design was originally made for the memorial of István Horthy and would in that role have featured a human child instead of the palm leaf that was a Soviet addition.
At the time of the monument's construction, the defeat of Axis forces by the Red Army was officially proclaimed “liberation”—leading to the original inscription upon the memorial (both in Hungarian and Russian):
A FELSZABADÍTÓ
SZOVJET HŐSÖK
EMLÉKÉRE
A HÁLÁS MAGYAR NÉP
1945
ОСВОБОДИТЕЛЯМ
СОВЕТСКИМ ГЕРОЯМ
ОТ
БЛАГОДАРНОГО
ВЕНГЕРСКОГО НАРОДА
which can be translated to read, "To the memory of the liberating Soviet heroes [erected by] the grateful Hungarian people [in] 1945".
Over the following years, public sentiment toward the Soviets decreased to the point of revolution, which was attempted and temporarily succeeded in 1956 and subsequently damaged some portions of the monument. After the 1989 transition from communist rule to democracy, the inscription was modified to read:
MINDAZOK EMLÉKÉRE
AKIK
ÉLETÜKET ÁLDOZTÁK
MAGYARORSZÁG
FÜGGETLENSÉGÉÉRT,
SZABADSÁGÁÉRT
ÉS BOLDOGULÁSÁÉRT
Translated from Hungarian: "To the memory of those all who sacrificed their lives for the independence, freedom, and prosperity of Hungary". The Russian-language version of the tribute was removed in its entirety.
After a 2025 renovation, a Christian cross will be placed at the base of the statue.