Head of a Philosopher

The Head of a Philosopher is a fragment of a bronze sculpture of Magna Graecia, discovered in 1969 on a shipwreck in the Straits of Messina. It is now in the Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia in Reggio Calabria, Italy.

The wreck dates to the end of the fifth century. The date of the Porticello bronze head is uncertain: Alain Pasquier dates it to c.460–440 BC, but Enrico Paribeni suggests the late fourth or early third century. In order to reconcile this later date with the late-fifth century context of the shipwreck, it has been suggested that there were in fact two wrecks, one earlier and one later. Brunilde Ridgway rejects this suggestion, noting that other bronze fragments found in the wreck, which apparently derive from the same original sculpture, are stylistically closer to the mid-fifth century BC.

The head, which has been recently restored, is believed to portray a philosopher…

摘自英文维基百科「Head of a Philosopher」（CC BY-SA 4.0），暂时没有中文条目。