艺廊资料卡
- 类型
- 教堂
- 国家
- 意大利
- 所在地
- 卢卡
- 建筑风格
- 罗曼式建筑
- 文化遗产级别
- 意大利国家遗迹
- 坐标
- 北纬 43.8431°，东经 10.5028°
资料来自 Wikidata Q1809639（CC0）。
博物馆介绍
圣弥额尔教堂（意大利语：San Michele in Foro）是意大利卢卡的罗马天主教圣殿，兴建在古罗马市集广场上。供奉弥额尔。
历史
这座教堂是在795年首次见于文献记载，称为“在市集”（ad foro）。1070年由教宗亚历山大二世下令重建。
值得注意的是，从13世纪以历来，其立面有大量系列雕塑，其中许多在19世纪重建。上部使用大量的钢铁材料，和四层凉廊。在顶部，两侧为两个天使，中间是4米高的弥额尔雕像。根据传说，一个天使的手指有巨大的钻石。立面的右下角是一尊圣母雕像（1480年），由奇维塔利雕刻，以庆祝1476年的瘟疫结束。
教堂内部有一个中殿和两个走道，耳堂和半圆形后殿。南侧的钟楼修建于12-14世纪。
摘自维基百科「圣弥额尔教堂 (卢卡)」，按 CC BY-SA 4.0 使用，繁体已转简体，去掉了参考文献、外部链接等尾部小节和表格，其余文字未作改动。
中文条目比较短，展开看英文维基百科的条目（英文原文）
San Michele in Foro is a Roman Catholic basilica church in Lucca, Tuscany, central Italy, built over the ancient Roman forum. Until 1370 it was the seat of the Consiglio Maggiore ("Major Council"), the commune's most important assembly. It is dedicated to Archangel Michael.
History
The church is mentioned for the first time in 795 as ad foro (in the forum). It was rebuilt after 1070 by will of Pope Alexander II.
Notable is the façade, from the 13th century, with a large series of sculptures and inlays, numerous of which were remade in the 19th century. There is a description by John Ruskin of the decayed state of that façade, observed during his tour of 1845. The lower part has a series of blind arcades, the central of which includes the main portal. The upper part, built using plenty of iron materials to counter wind, has four orders of small loggias. On the summit, flanked by two other angels, is the 4 m-tall statue of St. Michael the Archangel. According to a legend, an angel's finger would have a huge diamond. On the lower right corner of the façade is a statue (1480) of the Madonna salutis portus, sculpted by Matteo Civitali to celebrate the end of the 1476 plague.
The church interior has a nave and two aisles with transept and semicircular apse; the nave is supported by arcades on monolithic columns. From the southern transept rises the bell tower, built in the 12th-14th centuries, with a series of single, double and triple mullioned windows. The last floor was demolished during the rule of Giovanni dell'Agnello (1364–1368), Doge of Pisa.
Interior
Amongst the artworks in the interior, are a Madonna with Child terracotta by Luca della Robbia and a panel with Four Saints by Filippino Lippi.
San Divino Armeno
The body of a pilgrim saint, San Divino Armeno, is preserved under the high altar in the church. Born in Armenia around 1000, he embarked on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and Rome, eventually reaching Lucca in 1050 along the Via Francigena. He died in the city during a stop of the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. He died on June 3, 1050, and was initially buried outside the church. His remains were later moved to the altar inside the church. San Divino was likely declared a saint by Pope Alexander III in 1159. His body is one of Italy's oldest known mummified saints. A 2018 paleopathological study confirmed his death occurred between 1025 and 1124, consistent with historical accounts.
