特奥费尔·汉森

Theophil Hansen

德国 · 1813 – 1891

Wikidata · 维基百科 · 英文维基百科

资料卡

本名: Theophil Edvard Hansen
出生: 1813 年
出生地: 哥本哈根
去世: 1891 年
逝世地: 维也纳
安葬地: 维也纳中央公墓
国籍: 德国
职业: 教师、建筑师、大学教师
学生: Franz Kupka
所属团体: 雅典学院（现代）、塞尔维亚学术协会
获奖: 巴伐利亚马克西米兰科学与艺术勋章、皇家金奖、丹麦国旗十字荣誉勋章、commander of the Order of the Dannebrog、Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog、Grand Cross of the Order of the Dannebrog、维也纳大学荣誉博士、honorary citizen of Vienna

资料来自 Wikidata Q78638（CC0）。

生平与创作

特奥费尔·翰森（Theophil Hansen，发音：[tsʰe̝oˈfiːlus ˈhænˀsn̩]，1813年7月13日—1891年2月17日）是一位丹麦裔奥地利建筑师。风格为新古典主义，以对古典形制比例的高度把握闻名。

生平

生于丹麦哥本哈根，后取得奥地利公民身份，建筑师，因他在维也纳主持设计了众多建筑而知名。1891年逝世于维也纳。

作品列表

雅典大学，1839

雅典国家天文台，1842

雅典科学院，雅典，1856年始

军事历史博物馆，维也纳，1856

帕特雷旧市立医院，希腊，1857

维也纳金色大厅，维也纳，1863 - 1870

维也纳美术学院，1871–1876

维也纳证券交易所，1874–1877

扎皮翁宫，雅典，1874-1888

埃弗吕西宫

奥地利国会大厦，维也纳, 1874–1883

希腊国家图书馆，雅典，1888年始

摘自维基百科「特奥费尔·翰森」，按 CC BY-SA 4.0 使用，繁体已转简体，去掉了参考文献、外部链接等尾部小节和表格，其余文字未作改动。

中文条目比较短，展开看英文维基百科的条目（英文原文）

Baron Theophil Edvard von Hansen (German: [ˈteːofiːl fɔn ˈhanzn̩]; original Danish name: Theophilus Hansen, pronounced [tsʰe̝oˈfiːlus ˈhænˀsn̩]; 13 July 1813 – 17 February 1891) was a Danish architect who later became an Austrian citizen. He became particularly well known for his buildings and structures in Athens and Vienna, and is considered an outstanding representative of Neoclassicism and Historicism.

Biography

Hansen was born in Copenhagen. After training with Prussian architect Karl Friedrich Schinkel and some years studying in Vienna, he moved to Athens in 1837, where he studied architecture and design, with a concentration and interest in Byzantine architecture. During his stay in Athens, Hansen designed his first building, the National Observatory of Athens and two of the three contiguous buildings forming the so-called "Athenian Trilogy": the Academy of Athens and the National Library of Greece, the third building of the trilogy being the National and Capodistrian University of Athens, which was designed by his brother Hans Christian Hansen (1803–1883).

The Greek-Austrian entrepreneur Georgios Sinas (1783–1856), who donated the observatory, called Hansen to Vienna in 1846, where Hansen took up an apprenticeship with noted Austrian architect Ludwig Förster (1797–1863). In his early works, such as the museum in the Vienna Arsenal, Hansen was still rather aligned to a more romantic style. In later years, he became the most outstanding representative of Renaissance-inspired historicism (Neo-Renaissance), which also came to be known as Viennese-style. This style extended into the smallest details of the interior design and partially accepted the courses of a synthesis of the arts.

Along with Förster and many others, Hansen was one of the most important and influential architects of the Viennese Ringstraße. His most famous work is the Austrian Parliament building, which was created in the style of an ancient, neo-classic temple, and serves to refer to the Greek beginnings of democracy. Hansen was originally a staunch critic of the Classical style that was taught to him at the Copenhagen Academy. Over the years, however, he came to incorporate Classical elements into his forms. Bauleiter on this project was Swiss-Austrian architect Hans Auer (1847–1906) who would go on to win the competition for the Swiss Bundeshaus.

Hansen's Musikverein in Vienna is a concert hall noted for its design and acoustics.

Hansen worked together with Austrian sculptor Vincenz Pilz (1816–1896) and artist Carl Rahl (1812–1865), as well as with architect Otto Wagner (1841–1918).

In 1884 Emperor Franz Joseph honoured Hansen with a barony in the Austrian nobility and he was since styled "Freiherr von Hansen".

He died in 1891 in Vienna.