夏尔·科泰

Charles Cottet (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl kɔtɛ]; 12 July 1863 – 20 September 1925) was a French painter, born at Le Puy-en-Velay and died in Paris. A famed Post-Impressionist, Cottet is known for his dark, evocative painting of rural Brittany and seascapes. He led a school of painters known as the Bande noire or "Nubians" group (for the sombre palette they used, in contrast to the brighter Impressionist and Postimpressionist paintings), and was friends with such artists as Auguste Rodin.

Biography

Cottet studied at the École des Beaux-Arts, and under Puvis de Chavannes and Roll, while also attending the Académie Julian (where fellow students formed Les Nabis school of painting, with which he was later associated). He travelled and painted in Egypt, Italy, and on Lake Geneva, but he made his name with his sombre and gloomy, firmly designed, severe and impressive scenes of life on the Brittany coast.

Cottet exhibited at the Salon of 1889, but on a trip to Brittany in 1886 he had found his true calling. For the next twenty years he painted scenes of rural and harbor life, portraying a culture Parisians still found exotic. He is especially noted for his dark seascapes of Breton harbors at dawn, and evocative scenes from the lives of Breton fishermen.

He was close friends with Charles Maurin, and his group included the painter Félix-Émile-Jean Vallotton. Cottet has often been associated with the picturesque seaside symbolism of the Pont-Aven School, though Vallotton famously painted Cottet as a leader of Les Nabis, beside Pierre Bonnard, Édouard Vuillard, and Ker-Xavier Roussel, in his Five Painters (1902–3; Kunstmuseum Winterthur). Cottet was more explicitly the leader of his own small movement, the Bande noire of the 1890s, which included Lucien Simon and André Dauchez, all influenced by the realism and dark colours of Courbet.

Selected works

Cottet's paintings can be found in many museums worldwide, including the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow, the British Museum, the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C., the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, the Hermitage, the University of Michigan Museum of Art, the Ohara Museum of Art, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the National Museum of Western Art, the Zimmerli Art Museum, the Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Musée Rodin.

1908–09 Au pays de la mer. Douleur also called Les victimes de la mer, the Musée d'Orsay.

1905, Petit village au pied de la falaise, Musée Malraux, Le Havre

1900–10, Montagne, Musée Malraux, Le Havre

1896 View of Venice from the Sea, the Hermitage, St. Petersburg.

1896 Seascape with Distant View of Venice, the Hermitage, St. Petersburg.

1896 Portrait de Cottet, the Musée d'Orsay.

摘自英文维基百科「Charles Cottet」（暂时没有中文条目，下面是英文原文），按 CC BY-SA 4.0 使用，去掉了参考文献、外部链接等尾部小节和表格，其余文字未作改动。